突发性水污染事故的应急处理

近年来，我国城市水源地突发性污染事件日益增加，如何保护水源地生态环境安全和城市供水系统安全，以及如何快速、有效地处理突发性水污染事故已成为亟需解决的问题。介绍了突发性水污染事故应急处理的一般程序，重点讨论了应急措施、处理技术及区域污染物的处理方法。对于危及城市自来水厂区域的突发性污染事故，若在其处理能力范围内，可采用强化混凝、三级处理、备用水源地取水、开启与邻近城市间的备用供水管网等应急处理方法向城市供水；对于自来水厂取水口等遭受污染的水域，可采用吸附、化学沉淀、化学氧化、强化消毒等方法对不同污染物进行治理或隔离。     

Effect of different size of joint enlargement on seismic behavior of gravity load designed RC beam‐column connections

Effect of different size of planer joint enlargement as a noninvasive and practical strategy for seismic retrofit of gravity load designed external reinforced concrete beam‐column connections was experimentally investigated. The joint region was enlarged using steel angles that are mounted using prestressed cross‐ties. Reverse cyclic load tests on five half‐scale control and retrofitted external RC beam‐column connections were conducted. Three different size of planer joint enlargement being 180, 140, and 90 mm were considered for retrofitted specimens. The performance of the retrofitted specimens is compared with that of the control gravity load designed beam‐column connections, in terms of load–displacement hysteresis curve, energy dissipation and ductility capacities, and global strength and stiffness degradation behavior. The experimental results showed that increasing the size of planer joint enlargement significantly enhances the seismic capacity of the retrofitted connections, in terms of strength, stiffness, energy dissipation, and ductility capacity and also planer joint enlargement can relocate beam plastic hinges to outside the joint panel.     

Cardiac Arrhythmias and Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Patients with Heart Failure

The relationship between heart failure (HF), sleep-disordered breathing and cardiac arrhythmias is complex and poorly understood. Whereas the frequency of predominantly obstructive sleep apnea in HF patients is low and similar or moderately higher to that observed in the general population, central sleep apnea (CSA) has been observed in approximately 50% of HF patients, depending on the methods used to detect CSA and patient selection. Despite this high prevalence, it is still unclear whether CSA is merely a marker or an independent risk factor for an adverse prognosis in HF patients and whether CSA is associated with an increased risk for supraventricular as well as ventricular arrhythmias in HF patients. The current review focuses on the relationship between CSA and atrial fibrillation as the most common atrial arrhythmia in HF patients, and on the relationship between CSA and ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation as the most frequent cause of sudden cardiac death in HF patients.     

面向车辆行驶过程的舒适性评价指标体系

从机动车行车过程的舒适性角度出发,介绍了车辆行驶舒适性概念,通过分析单个车辆的行驶状态突变特征,构建了面向车辆行驶过程的适用于城市道路的舒适性评价指标体系。     

Numerical analyses on liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic flow in sudden channel expansion

Three-dimensional numerical calculations have been performed on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows through a rectangular channel with sudden expansion, particularly in order to estimate the pressure drop through the sudden expansion. The sudden expansion is in the directions both perpendicular and parallel to the applied magnetic field. The Hartmann number, the Reynolds number and the magnetic Reynolds number are set to ～100, ～1000 and ～0.001, respectively, in simulating laboratory conditions. The continuity equation, the momentum equation and the induction equation were solved numerically by the finite difference method as discretization following the MAC method as solution procedure. On the whole, in the sudden expansion in the direction perpendicular to applied magnetic field, the loss coefficient is estimated to be nearly zero or small. In particular, the loss coefficient becomes negative for small aspect ratios. The reason of negative loss coefficient is attributable to decrease in the induced current just upstream of the expansion. On the other hand, in the sudden expansion in the direction of applied magnetic field, all the cases give positive and large loss coefficients, meaning that the pressure drop through the expansion becomes large. In particular, the loss coefficient becomes considerably large when the Hartmann number increases.     

注二氧化碳混相驱试井模型及压力分析

基于注二氧化碳混相驱试井分析理论,分析了二氧化碳与原油混相过程中混合物组分的扩散模型和温度、粘度的变化规律,研究了此过程中组分突变与温度突变（粘度突变）对压力的影响,将压力变化分成了求解两区复合试井模型得到的压降和由温度与粘度突变引起的附加压降。通过推导,给出了井底的整体压力响应;利用数值反演方法,计算了考虑组分与粘度...     

腔耦合双J-C模型中原子纠缠的猝灭和猝生

研究了腔间有耦合的双J-C模型中原子纠缠的动力学, 分析了腔间耦合系数A和原子的初态对原子纠缠的猝灭(ESD)和猝生(ESB)的影响. 通过对原子间共生纠缠度的数值分析发现, 当原子初态为第一类类Bell态时, 不会出现ESD和ESB, 腔间的耦合可使原子的纠缠加大, 并能使初态为分离态的原子产生纠缠. 当原子初态为第二类类Bell态时, A的大小可改变出现ESD与ESB的时间间隔, 或决定是否出现ESD, 但腔间的耦合不能使初态不纠缠的原子产生纠缠.     

高真空多层绝热低温容器完全真空丧失后升压规律的试验研究

高真空多层绝热低温容器是一种危险性很高的压力容器。绝热夹层完全的真空丧失是可能发生在高真空多层绝热低温容器上的、并会对低温容器带来严重的安全隐患。在搭建了高真空多层绝热低温真空丧失试验台的基础上,用试验的方法研究了低温容器的绝热材料层数和初始充满率对其真空丧失后无排放贮存过程中升压的影响。试验结果表明,高真空多层绝热低温容器绝热夹层内的绝热材料层数及其初始充满率都对容器完全真空丧失后的升压过程有着重要影响。     

基于后坐加速度最大值的火炮装药号辨识仿真

为了用火炮后坐加速度最大值来辨识火炮装药号,在火炮内弹道和反后坐装置模型基础上建立了后坐加速度计算模型,通过仿真,分析了实际使用中火炮结构参数和射击参数变化对后坐加速度最大值的影响,发现药室增长量、装药温度对后坐加速度最大值影响较大,只用后坐加速度最大值不能对装药号有效辨识。采用了后坐加速度最大值和装药温度并结合四个药室增长量变化阶段来辨识装药号的方案,用人工神经网络建立了辨识模型。仿真试验表明：该模型对火炮装药号的辨识正确率达到100%。     

基于BP神经网络的过渡环境热舒适评判模型

突变环境下的人体热反应是由许多主客观因素所决定的,利用神经网络具有通过学习最佳逼近非线性映射的能力,将其应用于突变环境下人体热反应的研究,具有一定的可行性。本文通过局部非均匀环境与背景均匀环境之间的过渡实验,利用Matlab工具,分别建立了向热环境过渡和向冷环境过渡的整体热感觉以及头部执感觉的BP(Back Propagation)神经网络热舒适评判模型。经验证,该模型对不同工况过渡后的逐时热感觉预测较为准确,从而为非均匀环境与均匀环境之间过渡的热舒适模型的建立提供了一种可借鉴的方法。